Facial Skin Care

Facial Skin Care for Acne-Prone Skin

If you are prone to acne, choose a cleanser specially formulated for acne. These products often contain salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide, which help to clear acne sores. Clean your face gently, as trauma to the acne breakouts may worsen the acne or cause scarring. Avoid harsh mechanical scrubbing of skin and picking lesions. If you need to use a moisturizer, use light, non-comedogenic moisturizers, which do not aggravate acne. Also, women should use an oil-free foundation, as heavy makeup or other cosmetic products that block pores may worsen acne.

Facial Skin Care for Mature Skin

Photoaging refers to the damage that is done to the skin from prolonged exposure to UV radiation, over a person's lifetime. Roughness, wrinkling, irregular pigmentation (coloration), inelasticity, enlarged sebaceous (oil) glands, precancerous and cancerous lesions are all examples of skin changes associated with photoaging. Sunscreens and sun protection are important to prevent further progression of photoaging. Furthermore, smoking has been shown to accelerate aging of skin, so stopping smoking is important for good skin health. In addition, a well-balanced diet allows the skin get the nutrition it needs to help repair ongoing damage from the sun and other environmental elements. Many topical non-prescription and prescription products are currently available for anti-aging purposes, including:

Tretinoin — Retin-A is a prescription medication initially developed to treat acne. In addition, it was discovered that it also improved skin texture and color when used over an extended period of time. Tretinoin exfoliates the skin (removes a dead layer of skin cells), helps even out pigmentation, and minimizes fine lines. Many people can benefit from using Tretinoin or related products at bedtime. Side effects of Tretinoin include redness, peeling, tightness, and swelling. You may be able to minimize these side effects by initially using Tretinoin every other night and then gradually increasing the frequency to nightly as tolerated. Tretinoin also makes the skin more sensitive to ultraviolet rays from the sun, and therefore we recommend the use of a broad-spectrum sunscreen each morning.

Alpha Hydroxy Acid — Alpha Hydroxy acids are found as ingredients of numerous skin products. In the United States alone, there are approximately 185 manufacturers of products containing AHAs. Creams and lotions with AHA may help with fine lines, irregular pigmentation, age spots, and may help decrease enlarged pores. Side effects of AHAs include mild irritation and sun sensitivity. For that reason, sunscreen should also be used every morning.

Beta Hydroxy Acid — Salicylic acid also has been studied for its effect on photoaged skin. It exfoliates skin, and can improve the texture and color of the skin. It penetrates oil-laden hair follicle openings and, as a result, also helps improve acne. There are many products available that contain salicylic acid. Some are available over-the-counter, and others require a doctor's prescription.

Hydroquinone — Hydroquinone is a bleaching agent that is used to remove hyper-pigmentation, such as age spots and dark spots related to pregnancy, hormone therapy, or excessive sun exposure.

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